Bitcoin threat models, without the magic

Articles on Security

Long-form, source-linked analysis of hardware wallets, signing devices, attack surfaces, and the operational tradeoffs behind serious Bitcoin self-custody.

Hardware Wallet Security

A Raspberry Pi Is Still a Computer: Why Bitcoin Needs a Purpose-Built Hardware Wallet

A balanced look at Raspberry Pi, ESP32, stateless signers, evil-maid attacks, and why long-term savings need purpose-built hardware.

Hardware Wallet Security

A Clean Phone Is Still a Computer: Why Serious Bitcoin Needs a Hardware Signer

Why a wiped phone still lacks the key isolation, trusted display, narrow attack surface, and physical defenses of a purpose-built Bitcoin signer.

Hardware Wallet Security

Offline Is Not Enough: COLDCARD vs a Disconnected Phone

How COLDCARD separates Bitcoin keys and transaction approval from a phone or computer that may already be compromised.